Identify the opportunities for the development of positive Essay

Identify the opportunities for the development of positive environmental outcomes during the planning and development process an - Essay Example People flock urban centers in order to seek for employment opportunities and carry out business activities; thus creating pressure on the scarce environmental resources. The expansion of lands for development activities such expansion of agriculture and infrastructure development in order to cater for the ever increasing population has posed a threat to biodiversity. The inevitable congestion contributes to environmental hazards and degradation; thus environmental planners and developers should employ effective strategies for reversing environmental consequences. However, despite the opportunities for the development of positive environmental outcomes, cultural, political, legislative and financial barriers tend to prevent the effective outcomes during planning or developmental process. The Opportunities for the Development of Positive Environmental Outcomes during the Planning and Development Process Implementing or adopting environmentally sound focused broad-band policies that can accelerate global progress towards a low-carbon economy is crucial. Buckingham and Evans (1996, p. 123) argue that environmentally planning and sustainability had been a prominent role in the global agenda that sets principles for achieving the desired environmental goals. During the planning and development process, planners should implement environmentally sound policies and set objectives that should be met. The objectives should be realistic and the planners should integrate decision making to include effective millennium development goals framework in order to achieve their targets successfully. Field and Keller (1998 P. 52) also argue employing effective project management strategies and monitoring will offer a wider scale opportunity for tracking progress. This will enable planners to encourage implementation of plans and policies, promote investments and overcome barriers of development. Planners, designers and interested group should focus on regional food planning and imp lement effective policies to guide the community on sustainable food production. Food is an essential sustaining and enduring necessity for human beings across cultures. The concerning people including planners, developers and interested groups have paid less attention to food planning policy in comparison with other planning issues. They tend to focus on economic planning, environmental, housing and transportation and infrastructure, but they have forgotten that food planning is an essential planning aspect. Therefore, there is need to focus on food planning process in order to determine the methods employed in production, transportation and distribution of food products. Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (2005) argue that planners should focus on food planning because this is one of the major impact that have contributed to loss of biodiversity. Food system is a serious problem, which is on the rise across diverse communities. For instance, the national planning t eam in San Francisco tracked food system, in 2005 and this one of the food planning subjects that were carried

Design of a three phase separator in oil and gas Thesis

Design of a three phase separator in oil and gas - Thesis Example Three-phase separators efficiently separate the effluents from gas oil and water to allow for individual treatment of the mixed fluids (Lyons, William, and Gary 165-173). The three-phase separator is for processing manufactured fluids from an oil sump. Its division is into an emulsion, oil separator, and water compartments. The separator includes a water dyke and control system that mechanically regulates the position of the water weir to retain the oil emulsion interface in the emulsion section significantly constant. The separator operating parameters and standards vary in accordance with the target fluid and the type of separation. According to the CDS separation technologies, the standard of a three-phase separator is in relation to the extent of its applications (Lyons, William, and Gary 185-197). The three common standards include the horizontal three-phase separator with a weir it is the lowest standard. The second standard, the separator with oil bucket and water dyke it is more advanced and requires no active interface control and a high standard separator is the one with the boot for moderate waters. The design of hydrodynamic of liquid-liquid separation in the three-phase separator is basing on the rules laid by the American Petroleum Institute design principles. Peng-Robinson equations of stage and successive substitution deem useful during the modeling phase of the separators (Arnold, Ken, and Stewart 129-134). The design appreciates the Monnery and Svrcek model in determining critical parameters of the vertical and horizontal separators like the diameters and lengths at different pressures. The design pressure decreases at every stage of the process. Modeling for optimizing the pressure of the three separators reduces the amount of gasses produced with oil in the multistage separators. Optimizing this model applies a written computer simulator with the use of